不同职业流动人口流动特征及艾滋病相关知识和危险行为分析

Mobility among floating population of different occupations and their AIDS knowledge and risk behaviors

目的了解不同职业流动人口特征及艾滋病相关知识和危险行为状况,为制定针对流动人口的艾滋病防制措施提供依据。方法于2010年5至8月采用分层抽样和方便抽样相结合的方法,在佛山市辖区招募建筑工人、工厂工人、个体经营者、住宿餐饮服务业人员、家政从业者、临时雇佣劳动力和娱乐场所服务人员等7大类流动人口进行匿名问卷调查。调查内容包括社会人口学特征、流动情况、艾滋病防治知识及艾滋病相关危险行为等。结果共调查1 358人,其中男性740人,女性618人,平均年龄(31.06±9.47)岁,以初中文化程度及省外流动人口为主,分别占46.83%(636/1 358)和60.90%(827/1 358),其城市流动率、行业流动率和单位流动率均数分别为0.47个/年、0.33个/年和0.52个/年,不同职业流动人群性别、年龄、婚姻状况、月平均收入的构成以及城市流动率、行业流动率和单位流动率差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。艾滋病知识知晓率为74.08%(1 006/1 358),不同职业流动人群间知晓率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),娱乐场所服务人员、住宿餐饮服务业人员、建筑工人知晓率较低,分别为68.35%、66.97%和55.50%。最近1年内有过商业性和临时性行为者分别占30.63%(416/1 358)和8.91%(121/1 358),其中每次均使用安全套者分别占37.26%(155/416)和29.75%(36/121)。不同职业流动人口商业性行为发生率及临时性行为发生率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),分别以娱乐场所服务人员、临时雇佣劳动力的发生率最高(50.92%、18.35%)。同性性行为发生率为1.22%(9/740),吸毒行为发生率为0.29%(4/1 358)。结论佛山市受调查的流动人口具有较高的流动性,文化水平及艾滋病防治知识认知率较低,非婚性行为发生率较高、安全套使用率低。应加大对该人群的健康教育和行为干预。

Objective To know the mobility and the AIDS-related knowledge and behavior of floating population of different occupations and so as to provide scientific bases for formulating AIDS prevention measures on floating population.Methods During May to August 2010,stratified and random sampling methods were taken in seven types of floating population of building workers,factory workers,self-employed labourers,restaurant attendants,household workers,temporary-employed labourers and entertainment waiters/waitresses in Foshan for anonymous questionnaire.The contents includes the demographic characteristics,HIV/AIDS knowledge and AIDS-related dangerous behaviors. Results A total of 1 358 persons were investigated,including 740 men and 618 women.The average age was(31.06±9.47) and most of them were junior middle school educated [46.83%(636/1 358)] and from other provinces [60.90%(827/1 358)].The mean rate of inter-city,inter-trade and inter-unit mobility accounted for 0.47/year,0.33/year and 0.52/year.There were statistically significant differences in sex,age,marriage status,proportion of monthly incomes,and the rates of inter-city,inter-trade and inter-unit mobility of floating population of different occupations(each P<0.01).The awareness rate of AIDS related questions was 74.08%(1 006/1 358).There was statistically significant difference in awareness rate of different occupations(P<0.01).The awareness rates of entertainment waiters/waitresses(68.35%),restaurant attendants(66.97%) and building workers(55.50%) were low.The floating population with commercial and temporary sexual experiences in recent one year accounted for 30.63%(416/1 358) and 8.91%(121/1 358),and the rates of using condoms every time were 37.26%(155/416) and 29.75%(36/121),respectively.There were statistically significant differences in the incidence of commercial sexual behaviors and temporary sexual behaviors(each P<0.01),and the incidences of entertainment waiters/waitresses(50.92%) and temporary-employed labourers(18.35%) were the highest,respectively.The incidence of homosexual behaviors was 1.22%(9/740) and drug use was 0.29%(4/1 358).Conclusion Floating populations have high mobility,low education and awareness of AIDS related knowledge,high non-marriage sexual behavior and low rate of condom use.It is suggested to strengthen health education and behavior intervention to the population.