多元视域下中国官僚制合法性解析

A Study of Legitimacy and Diversity of Chinese Bureaucracy

中国官僚制合法性建设遵循了韦伯式的路径,其一元性特征导致官僚制陷入合法性危机。而中国官僚制合法性具有多元特质,即存在党政合一的官僚制合法性,中央与地方官僚制的合法性,政治、经济与社会中的官僚制合法性,城乡二元制与官僚制合法性,区域发展差异下官僚制合法性等问题,这是由不同利益主体公共需求的差异性所决定的。因此,须在充分考虑多样性社会公共需求的基础上,通过培育公民社会、健全公民与官僚制机构平等对话机制、增强公共需求理解与公共服务个性化等方式进行中国官僚制合法性建设,以化解合法性危机。

Development of the legitimacy of the Chinese bureaucracy observes the Weberian path,whose monistic characteristics lead to the crisis of legitimacy.The legitimacy of Chinese bureaucracy has displayed multiple traits——the bureaucratic legitimacy of the syncretization of the ruling party and government,that of the central government and the local government,that of the city government and rural government,and that in the political,economic and social aspects of the society,which are decided by different stakeholders＇ public demands.Therefore,it is necessary to take the diversity in social public demands into consideration and resolve the crisis of Chinese bureaucracy＇s legitimacy by fostering civil society,establishing and completing the mechanism of dialogue between citizens and bureaucratic systems,and personalizing public services to cater to individual needs.