渗透性髓鞘溶解症6例的临床表现和MRI特征

Clinical Manifestations and MRI Features of Osmotic Myelinolysis of 6 Cases

目的探讨渗透性髓鞘溶解症的临床表现及MRI特点。方法分析6例渗透性髓鞘溶解症患者的临床表现和头颅MRI特征。结果 6例患者均有各种原因导致的低钠血症后被快速纠正的病史,患者临床表现主要为意识改变,闭锁综合征,球麻痹,痉挛性瘫痪等。MRI表现为脑桥和/或基底节区对称性的T1加权低信号,T2加权高信号病灶。结论头部MRI是诊断渗透性髓鞘溶解症的重要手段,提高对本病的认识以及缓慢纠正严重的低钠血症对于本病的防治至关重要。

Objective To investigate the clinical manifestations and MRI features of osmotic myelinolysis.Methods The clinical features and MRI of 6 patients with osmotic myelinolysis were analyzed.Results All the six patients had the history of rapidity of correcting hyponatraemia which was induced by kinds of reasons.The common clinical manifestations included change of consciousness,locked-in syndrome,bulboparalysis,spastic paralysis,etc.MRI of the brain revealed osmotic myelinolysis with low T1-signal intensity and high T2-signal intensity which were located symmetrically in the pons and/or basal ganglia area.Conclusion Cranial MRI is served as the most reliable technique for diagnosing osmotic myelinolysis.Improving the knowledge about osmotic myelinolysis and avoiding the rapidity of correcting severe hyponatraemia are essential for the prophylaxis and treatment of this disorder.