肿瘤科患者医院感染调查分析

A survey of nosocomial infections in oncology patients

目的为了解肿瘤科医院感染的特点,分析发生医院感染的相关因素,以便有针对性地采取预防措施。方法采用回顾性调查方法,对4年来收治的2 239例肿瘤出院患者发生医院感染142例、152例次作了回顾性分析。结果医院感染率6.3%,感染例次率6.8%,感染部位以下呼吸道为主,原发病以肺癌52例次最常见,占34%;≥60岁患者,长期住院(≥10d)以及原发病肺癌是医院感染的易感因素。感染病原菌以大肠埃希菌、克雷伯菌属、白念珠菌为主。结论恶性肿瘤患者是医院感染的高危人群,应积极采取感染干预措施,预防医院感染的发生,提高恶性肿瘤患者的生活质量。

Objective This survey was undertaken to characterize the nosocomial infections in oncology patients and analyze the relevant risk factors so that specific effective measures can be put in place to prevent such infections.MethodsThe survey was conducted both prospectively and retrospectively.Of the 2 239 oncology patients treated in our hospital during a 4-year period,a total of 152 episodes of hospital infections were documented in 142 patients.The clinical data of these patients were reviewed and analyzed.ResultsThe proportion of patients with hospital infection was 6.3%.The prevalence of nosocomial infection was 6.8%.Lower respiratory tract was the most common site of infection.The most common underlying disease was lung cancer（34%,52/152）.Old age（60 years or older）,long hospital stay（10 days or more）,and underlying lung cancer were the predisposing factors of these nosocomial infections.The pathogens were mainly E.coli,Klebsiella spp.,and Candida albicans.ConclusionsThe patients with malignant disease are a population at high risk of nosocomial infection.Preventive interventions should be put in place actively in order to improve the quality of life in patients with a malignant tumor.