土地整理对区域蓝绿水资源配置的影响

Impact of Land Consolidation on Regional Green-blue Water Resources Allocation

绿水是流域内对植物和生态有积极作用的水量,是通过蒸散发流向大气圈的水汽流。绿水概念的提出有助于强化人类对自然界生态需水的重视。论文分析了大尺度水文循环中绿水流的影响因素,阐述了绿水资源对维持全球生态系统服务功能的积极意义。论文以土地整理过程为研究对象,按照水资源配置的公平性要求,构建符合土地整理特点的蓝绿水资源配置模型。模型综合考虑了蓝绿水生成机理、区域水权配置原则、上下游水量传输规律及区域水量配置方法等关键技术。最后以湖北省武汉市新洲区汪集街孔埠新农村试点土地整理工程为实例,对该区域蓝绿水配置情况进行深入研究。结果表明,土地整理中的土地利用/覆被变化影响区域耕地结构和生态系统服务价值,从而改变区域蓝水和绿水配置权值,实施区域内的人胜村、姚堤村、程山村的蓝绿水配置水量分别增加了4 799 m3/a、779 m3/a、21 539 m3/a,而堤围村、吴河村则分别减少了14 372 m3/a、12 745 m3/a。

Green water, a kind of vapor flow returning to atmosphere via evaporation or emission, is positive to the plant and ecology in the basin. The raising of the concept of the ＂green water＂ will improve human＇ s understanding of the nature＇ s demand on water. This paper analyzes the influence factors for green water in a large-scale hydrological cycle. Further more, for general land consolidation, a green-blue water resources allocation model is established according to the requirement of equity in the water resource allocation. In this model, key technologies including the generation mechanism of green-blue water, regional water right allocation principle, water transfer law between upstream water resource and downstream water resource, and regional water resource allocation methods have been comprehensively considered in the model. Finally, a case study of Kongbu, Xinzhou District, Wuhan City, is carried out to verify the validity of the proposed model. The results showed that land use and cover change （ LUCC ） in land consolidation have influenced the farmland use structure and eco-system service value, and consequently altered the weight assignment of the regional blue-green water. That is ： the blue-green water resource allocation in Rensheng Village, Yaodi Village, and Chengshan Village has increased by 4 799 m^3/a, 779 m^3/a, and 21 539 m^3/a respectively while the values in Weidi Village and Wuhe Village has decreased by 14 372 m^3/a and 12 745 m^3/a respectively.