农地城市流转中农民集体福利均衡分析

Study on Farmer Collectivity's Welfare Equilibrium in Rural-urban Land Conversion

农地城市流转中不同利益集团的福利状况业已成为学者和政策制定者关注的焦点。农民集体作为影响最为深刻的利益集团之一,其福利在农地城市流转中能否实现以及如何实现均衡成为本文研究的核心内容。本文首先介绍了农民集体福利的概念及其测度方法,然后论述福利均衡的概念,提出农民集体福利均衡分析的三个假设,在此基础上,对农地城市流转中的农民集体福利进行分析,提出实现农民集体福利均衡的条件,结果表明农地城市流转中农民集体福利均衡的必要条件为农民集体获得的经济补偿大于或等于其福利损失。然后通过比较分析发现当前土地征收中农民集体获得的福利补偿不能弥补其福利损失,农地城市流转前后农民集体福利呈现不均衡状态。最后提出农地城市流转中要尊重农民集体的土地产权,进一步提高农地征收的补偿标准,使农民集体获得的货币补偿能够弥补其由于土地财产损失造成的福利损失,以实现农民集体福利的均衡;政府应当通过改善农村交通、通讯、电力、饮水、居住等条件,完善农村社会保障体系等措施提高农民集体的福利水平,以弥补农民集体土地发展权受限造成的二次福利损失。

The welfare of different interest groups in rural-urban land conversion was the focus of researchers and policy makers. In this paper, we analyzed farmer collectivity＇ s welfare in rural-urban land conversion. Firstly, we introduced the concept and measuring methods of farmer collectivity＇ s welfare. Secondly, we presented three assumptions of farmer collectivity＇ s welfare equilibrium analysis. On the basis, we analyzed farmer collectivity＇ s welfare in rural-urban land conversion. The result showed that financial compensation obtained by farmer collectivity must be more than or equal to its welfare loss, to achieve farmer collectivity＇ s welfare balanced. Through comparison, we found farmer collectivity＇ s welfare is unbalanced; the compensation benefits far less than the welfare losses in the land acquisition. Lastly, we proposed that farmer collectivity＇ s land property rights should be respected in ruralurban land conversion, and the compensation standard should be increased in land acquisition. Government should adopt impruving rural transportation, communication, electricity, water, housing comlilions, social security system and other measures to raise the level of farmer collectivity＇ s welfare, in order to make up for the secondary, welfare loss which resulted from the limited land development rights of farmer collectivity.