HLA与鼻咽癌易感风险的研究进展

Research Progress in Human Leukocyte Antigen with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Susceptibility

鼻咽癌是与病毒相关的癌症,在东南亚和北非地区高发。几组基因连锁分析研究显示,易患性人类白细胞抗原(HLA)等位基因和单倍型与鼻咽癌的发展相关。HLA系统是高度多态性的,根据人类种群研究发现其有能力赋予鼻咽癌易患性或抵抗性。现概述在鼻咽癌发病率不同的各个地区间的HLA阳性、阴性与鼻咽癌流行的信息。根据HLA相关的免疫功能及HLA基因与鼻咽癌易感假基因之间存在的潜在连锁不平衡关系,来重点讨论这些相关性的可能意义。

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma（NPC） is a virally associated cancer that is highly prevalent in Southeast Asia and North Africa.Several linkage analysis studies suggest that human leukocyte antigen（HLA） allele and haplotype susceptibility are associated with the occurrence of NPC.HLA system is greatly polymorphic and human ethnic studies show that HLA polymorphism is able to confer susceptibility or resistance to nasopharyngeal carcinoma.This review will summarize the current knowledge regarding positive and negative HLA associations with nasopharyngeal carcinoma prevalence across geographical areas.We will also critically discuss the possible significance of such associations in terms of HLA-related immune functions or potential genetic linkage disequilibrium between HLA genes and putative nasopharyngeal carcinoma predisposition genes located in close proximity.