全球生产网络、贸易结构与工资差距:来自中国的证据

The GPNs,trade structure and wage gap:Evidence from China

论文通过建立全球生产网络的中间投入品模型,实证分析中间品贸易对一国技术劳动力和非技术劳动力工资差异的影响。研究发现:加工贸易是中国融入全球生产网络的典型形态;其出口会扩大对技术和非技术劳动力的需求。但技术劳动力的工资上涨幅度要高于非技术劳动力的工资涨幅,从而使相对工资差距扩大。短期内,中间品的进口减少了技术劳动力的需求和就业,但长期来看中间品进口会扩大对技术劳动力的需求,相对工资差距拉大。人力资本投资的供给增长由于未能满足劳动力市场的需求,从而在一定程度上表现为工资差距拉大;但长期来看,人力资本积累机制的完善使得相对工资差距会逐渐缓和。

This paper established a model for intermediate inputs under a global production network, and empirtcally analyzed intermediate products effect on wage differentials of domestic skilled labor and unskilled labor. Results indicate that processing trade has become a typical form of China＇s integration into global production networks The expert is positive on relative wage gap; and the import is negative on relative wage gap. The fixed investment is positive on relative wage gap, while the human capital investment is good for decreasing the wage gap. But as the need for high - skilled labor is more than the supply, extra high - skilled labor demand will enlarge the wage gap in short run. While in the long run, the wage gap will be eased by the improvement of human capital accumulation.