艾滋病病毒感染者/患者家属自杀意念及其影响因素研究

Study on the risk factors of suicide ideation among family members of PLWHA

目的探讨安徽农村地区艾滋病病毒感染者/患者(people living with HIV/AIDS,PLWHA)家属自杀意念的发生及危险因素。方法调查选择安徽省阜阳市颍州区京九乡的190名PLWHA非患病家属,使用自编一般情况调查问卷、家庭关怀度指数问卷(family APGAR index,APGAR)和客观歧视情况调查表进行调查,通过单因素和多因素分析探讨自杀意念与各影响因素之间的关系。结果 皖北农村地区PLWHA家属的自杀意念发生率为21.1%,单因素分析结果显示年龄偏大,配偶罹患艾滋病、家庭适应度低以及客观歧视中"疏远"、"朋友不再联系"、"同村的人不理睬"、"被他人看不起"和"不再受到帮助"等经历较多者易产生自杀意念;多因素分析显示配偶罹患艾滋病(OR=8.574,P<0.001)、其他亲属罹患艾滋病(OR=4.055,P=0.004)、被他人看不起(OR=4.445,P=0.003)和家庭适应度低(OR=5.857,P=0.010)是产生自杀意念的主要危险因素。结论皖北农村地区PLWHA家属的自杀意念发生率较高,各种危险因素在不同角度影响其心理状况,应采取有针对性的措施进行引导和帮助。

Objective To explore the suicide ideation and risk factors among family members of PLWHA（people living with HIV/AIDS,PLWHA） in rural Anhui.Methods 190 family members of PLWHA,dwelling in Jingjiu township of Fuyang City were surveyed using the general self-efficacy scale,the situation of objective discrimination and Family APGAR（Adaptability,Partnership,Growth,Affection and Resolve） Index.Single-variable analysis and logistic regression were used to analyze therelationship between suicide ideation and risk factors.Results 21.1% family members of PLWHA had suicide ideation in northern rural area of Anhui.Single-variable analysis showed that suicide ideation was associated with age,spouse with HIV,lower family adaptation and objective discrimination such as ＂estranged＂,＂no contact with friends＂,＂isolated by neighbors＂,＂discriminated by other people＂ and ＂no longer get help from other people＂.Logistic regression analysis indicated that spouse with HIV（OR=8.574,P0.001）,others relations with HIV（OR=4.055,P=0.004）,discriminated by other people（OR=4.445,P=0.003）,and lower family adaptation level（OR=5.857,P=0.010） were the main risk factors of suicide ideation.Conclusions The prevalence of suicide ideation among family members of PLWHA was relatively high,several risk factors affect their psychological state in different level,the strategy and intervention should be designed to enhance social support.