试论《雷峰塔传奇》与《哈姆莱特》的悲剧结局表现方式

Tentative Analysis of the Tragical Ending of the Legend of Leifeng Pagoda and Hamlet

清代方成培的《雷峰塔传奇》作为中国十大古典悲剧之一,其悲剧表现手法在中国悲剧史上独树一帜;而英国莎士比亚的《哈姆莱特》则是历来为学界所公认的大悲剧。引人注意的是这两部悲剧都是典型的社会悲剧,都塑造了富于反抗意识的主人公形象,可对悲剧结局的表现却完全不同。文章以这两部悲剧为例,试图对其悲剧结局表现方式进行分析,并从民族文化心理的角度探索形成两者之间这样一种表现差异的原因;从而说明不同民族对悲剧的理解及表现方式存在差异性,对不同民族的悲剧不能简单套用西方理论概而论之。

As one of the ten great ancient tragedies,Fang Chengpei＇s ＂Legend of Leifeng Pagoda＂ is unique for the technique of expressing tragedy in the history of Chinese tragedy.Shakespeare＇ ＂Hamlet＂ is world-known tragedy.The two works are typical social tragedy with rebelling heroes,but the technique of expressing tragedy in the end of the stories is different.Comparing the two works with the end as focus,it is concluded that there are difference about what tragedy is so it is not right to simply use West theory to generalize it.