新疆阜康地区30岁以上哈萨克族居民血脂水平及其影响因素

Epidemiological survey of lipid levels and factors in Kazakan people over 30-year old in Fukang of Xinjiang

目的 调查新疆阜康地区哈萨克族30岁以上居民的血脂水平.方法 在新疆阜康地区内采用分层整群随机抽样的方法抽取了991名30岁以上的哈萨克族居民,检测其血浆总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、血糖及胰岛素水平,分析该人群血脂水平、血脂异常率及人群分布特点,并探讨其可能的相关风险因素.结果 新疆阜康地区哈萨克族30岁以上居民血清TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C水平分别是（5.05±1.07）、（1.10±0.66）、（1.46±0.38）、（3.06±0.84）mmol/L;男性TC、TG及LDL-C分别为（5.19±1.05）、（1.32±0.80）、（3.30±0.85）mmol/L,均明显高于女性的（4.94±1.07）、（0.94±0.46）、（2.88±0.79）mmol/L（t值分别为3.57、8.63、8.06,P值均＜0.01）;男性HDL-C水平明显低于女性[分别为（1.32±0.33）、（1.57±0.38）mmol/L,t=11.48,P＜0.01].血脂异常率为28.3%（280/991）;TC、TG、HDL-C以及LDL-C异常率分别为12.6%（125/991）、6.6%（65/991）、11.0%（109/991）和10.1%（100/991）;TC、TG以及LDL-C边缘异常患病率分别是27.0%（268/991）、7.6%（75/991）和20.5%（203/991）.男性血脂异常率达40.0%（172/430）;30～39、40～49、50～59、60岁以上组血脂异常患病率分别为26.2%（78/298）、26.0%（91/350）、31.2%（73/234）和34.9%（38/109）（χ2=3.94,P＜0.05）.校正性别和年龄后,TG与腰围、腹围、BMI偏相关系数分别是0.368（P＜0.01）、0.336（P＜0.01）、0.331（P＜0.01）;HDL-C与腰围、腹围、BMI的相关系数分别是-0.340（P＜0.01）、-0.339（P＜0.01）、-0.321（P＜0.01）.结论 新疆阜康地区哈萨克族居民的血脂处于较高水平,以高TC、高LDL-C为主要特点;该人群中,血脂异常的防治应以男性、血脂边缘异常和60岁以上的人群为重点.

Objectiye To study the lipids level in Kazakan individuals over 30-year-old in Fukang area of Xinjiang. Methods Random cluster multistage sampling method were performed to select the subjects,and 991 individuals aged older than 30 from Fukang of Xinjiang were included. The plasma total cholesterol （ TC ）, triglyceride （ TG）, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （ HDL-C）, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （ LDL-C）, plasma glucose and insulin were measured. Related adverse cardiovascular risk factors were discussed. Results The mean plasma TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C of Kazakan residents over 30-year-old in Fukang of Xinjiang were （ 5.05 ± 1.07 ）, （ 1.10 ± 0. 66 ）, （ 1.46 ± 0. 38 ） and （ 3.06 ±0. 84）mmol/L,respectively. TC,TG and LDL-C levels in male subjects were higher than those in females （malevs female： TC： （5. 19 ± 1.05） mmol/L vs （4.94 ± 1.07） mmol/L,t=3.57,P〈0. 01;TG：（ 1.32 ± 0. 80 ） mmol/L vs （ 0. 94 ± 0. 46 ） mmol/L, t = 8. 63, P 〈 0. 01; LDL-C： （ 3.30 ± 0. 85 ） mmol/L vs （2. 88 ±0. 79） mmol/L,t =8.06 ,P 〈0. 01 ）. While the HDL-C level in male subjects was lower than that of female （male vs female： （1.32 ±0.33） mmol/Lvs （1.57±0.38） mmol/L,t=11.48,P〈0. 01）.The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 28. 3% （280/991） in the overall populations. In the overall populations,the prevalence of hypercholesteremia, hypertriglyceridemia, high Iow-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia and low serum high density lipoprotein cholesterolemia were 12.6% （ 125/991 ） , 6. 6% （ 65/991 ） , 11.0%（ 109/991 ） and 10. 1% （ 100/991 ） ,respectively. The prevalence of individuals with borderline-high TC ,TG and LDL-C were 27. 0% （ 268/991 ）, 7. 6% （ 75/991 ） and 20. 5% （ 203/991 ）, respectively. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 40. 0% （172/430） in male populations. The prevalence of dyslipidemia in group aged 30 - 39,40 - 49,50 - 59,60 and above were 26. 2% （ 78/298 ）, 26. 0% （ 91/350 ）, 31.2%（73/234） and 34. 9% （38/109）, respectively, the trend of prevalence was significant by trend test for groups comparison （ x2 = 3.94, P 〈 0. 05 ）. Adjusting for age and gender, TG was positively correlated with waist circumference,abdominal circumference and BMI, the partial relation coefficients were 0. 368 （ P 〈0. 01 ） ,0. 336（ P 〈 0. 01 ） and 0. 331 （ P 〈 0. 01 ）, respectively, and HDL-C was negatively correlated with waist circumference,abdominal circumference and BMI ,the partial relation coefficients were -0. 340 （P 〈0.01）,-0.339 （P〈0.01） and -0.321 （P〈0. 01）,respectively. Conclusion The lipid levels of Kazakan residents from Fukang area are high and are characterized by hypercholesteremia and high low-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia, and more attention of the prevention of dyslipidemia in this populations should be paid to males,border-line abnormal and those aged over 60-year old.