胡瑗的教育思想及实践探析

On HU Yuan's Thought of Education and Practice

以往论者论及胡瑗教育思想时,往往习惯地将其与"苏湖教法"、"太学法"联系起来,似乎都是胡瑗官学实践分不开甚至是相为表里的。本文试图从另一个角度,即将胡瑗教育思想放到宋初八十年及"庆历新政"前后书院发展的大背景中去,突出胡氏教育思想与其书院讲学的关联,特别是突出他与以范仲淹、孙复、石介为代表的睢阳学脉的紧密联系。这就将胡瑗教育、教学思想实践与整个宋初八十年民间私立大学(书院)的实践和"庆历兴学"联系起来,显示其既是宋初书院讲学历史的结果又通过"庆历新政"之教育革新反过来又促进了书院讲学的发展。

Before the present days,people used to connect HU Yuan＇s thought with Su Hu Jiao Fa and Tai Xue Fa,seeming that HU Yuan＇s state school practice couldnot be separated.This paper attempts from another perspective,put HU＇s educational thought into the background of the first 80 years of the Song Dynasty and the academy development before and after Qing Li Xin Zheng,so as to highlighting HU＇s educational thought relevant to his academy lectures,especially his close relation with the Suiyang School represented by Fan Zhong yan,Sun Fu and Shi Jie,which connects HU＇s education thought and practice with the private universities（academies）in the first 80years of Song Dynasty and Qing Li Xing Xue,revealing that it was both the result of academy lecturing history and promoted the development of academy lecturing through the reform of education of Qing Li Xin Zheng.