长沙市工业企业职业病危害因素检测与评价

Detection and Evaluation on Occupational Hazard Factors of Industrial Enterprisers in Changsha

目的了解长沙市工业企业职业病危害因素现状,为今后的职业病防治工作提供决策依据。方法在长沙市疾控中心登记的工业企业中随机抽取126家,按照相关国家标准对其生产现场进行职业病危害因素检测,计算检测合格率。结果共检测点数4 756个,合格点数3 706个,合格率为77.92%;企业合格率为18.25%;大中小型三种规模企业合格率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),各种行业职业病危害因素检测合格率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论长沙市工业企业职业病危害因素监测现状不容乐观,粉尘、噪声、紫外线为主要职业病危害因素,建材、机械为危害较严重的行业,在今后工作中应重点防治,特别是加强对中小型企业的监管。

Objective To investigate the current situation of occupational hazards in Changsha,and to provide a policy basis for prevention of occupational diseases in future. Methods A total of 126 industrial enterprises were randomly selected from those registered on Changsha CDC files.In production fields, occupational hazards were measured according to related national standards and the pass rates were calculated. Results Totally 4,756 points were detected and 3,706 of which were passable.The overall pass rate was 77.92%.The pass rate of enterprises was 18.25%.There was no statistically significant difference in the pass rates among small,medium and large enterprises（P0.05）.There were statistically significant differences in the pass rates among the occupational hazard factors of different industries（P0.01）. Conclusions The current situation of occupational hazards in Changsha is not allowed to be optimistic.The main occupational hazards are dust,noise and UV ray.Building materials and machinery companies are the serious harmful industries. The above-mentioned should be controlled emphasizedly.In addition,middle-size and small-size firms have to be specially regulated.