秦皇岛市青龙满族自治县居民高血压流行病学调查与分析

Investigation and Analysis on Epidemiological Features of Hypertension Patients in Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County,Qinhuangdao

目的调查青龙县居民高血压流行病学特点及防治效果,分析高血压的主要相关影响因素和危险因素,了解高血压患者的知晓率、治疗率及控制率。方法通过整群分层随机抽样的方法,抽取该县8个乡镇的10个自然村及两个街道18岁及以上常住居民1 524人,采取面对面直接询问方式,利用2004年全国成人慢性病相关危险因素监测调查表进行问卷调查和体格检查,进行高血压流行特征及相关危险因素调查,并进行单因素χ2检验和多因素Logistic回归分析。结果青龙满族自治县18岁以上居民高血压总患病率为38.1%,标化患病率为24.5%。高血压患者知晓率、治疗率、控制率分别为21.7%、18.4%、4.8%。高血压患病率与年龄、吸烟、饮酒、体力活动、文化程度、高盐饮食、婚姻状况、职业、经济收入、体质指数等有关。其中年龄、饮酒、体质指数、高盐饮食为本地区18岁以上居民高血压的主要危险因素。结论青龙满族自治县居民高血压患病率处于较高水平,高血压防治知识匮乏,高血压知晓率、治疗率、控制率均处于较低水平,对居民的健康构成严重的威胁,应采取综合措施预防控制居民高血压发生。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological features and control effect of hypertension in the residents of Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County,to analyze the main influencing factors and risk factors,and survey the awareness rate,treatment rate and control rate of hypertension in the region. Methods With the cluster random sampling method,we selected 1,524 residents aged 18 years and above from two streets and 10 villages of 8 towns in Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County.The epidemiological features and related risk factors were investigated by face to face direct questioning approach,the 2004 National Adult Chronic Disease Risk Factors Monitoring Survey Questionnaire and physical examination.And then single factor χ2 test and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were conducted. Results The total prevalence rate of hypertension in the residents（≥18-year-old） of Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County was 38.1%,and the standardized prevalence rate was 24.5%.The awareness rate,treatment rate and control rate of hypertension patients were 21.7%,18.4%,and 4.8%,respectively.The prevalence rate of hypertension were related to age,smoking,alcohol consumption,physical activity,educational level,high-salt diet,marital status,occupation,income,body mass index and so on.The main risk factors of hypertension among the residents aged 18-year-old and above were age,alcohol consumption,body mass index,and high-salt diet. Conclusions Lack of awareness and treatment,and low control rate of hypertension are the major causes of high prevalence of hypertension in the residents of Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County,Qinhuangdao.Comprehensive intervention measures should be taken to control and reduce the occurrence of hypertension.