中国肺炎链球菌标准菌株的筛选和建立

ESTABLISHMENT OF STANDARD STRAINS OF SEROTYPES (GROUPS) OF STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE IN CHINA

对我国自行分离的737株肺炎链球菌,依据生物学特性、地区分布及血清学分型进行筛选,选出297株具有典型特征的肺炎链球菌,建立了我国肺炎链球菌标准菌株。共分成42个群(型),其中有我国自行分离并保藏的二株国际上首次发现的新型10C 和16A 致病性肺炎链球菌,以及国际上多年来未见到的19C 型、22A 型和仅在亚洲分离到的33C 型菌株。研究肺炎链球菌的血清学分型(群),建立标准分型菌株不仅有分类学的重要价值,而且对研究肺炎链球菌疾病的防治具有重要意义。

Streptococcus pneumoniae is an impor-tant human pathogen which is responsible forlife-threatening infections such as pneumonia,bacteremia and meningitis as well as for lesssevere but highly prevalent diseases such asotitis media and sinusitis.The number ofserogroups(types)of Streptococcus pneomo-niae found in the world is total 46 groupsor 83 types according to typing system ofStatens Serum Institute,Copenhagen,Denmark.The standard strains established in our lab of42 groups or 67 types distributed in 17 dif-ferent regions in China.The significance ofthis study is that two of the new serorypes(10C,16A)are first reported in the literaturein which the microbes were the agents caus-ing pneumococcal infections.Our standardstrains also include some serotypes on rareo■casions such as 19C and 22A and 33C whichhave been found only in Aisa.Our findingsnot only increas the total number of knowntypes of pneumococci from 83 to 85,but alsoindicate that China has made progress in thefield of pneumococcal research.It is thefirst time to report establishing a series ofstandard strains of pneumococci involvingmany serotypes(groups)in China.The workis necessary as a preliminary for pneumococ-cal disease prevention and treatment.Thestandard strains listed here with providingthe resource of strain and scientific basis fordeveloping vaccine and biological products.