流式细胞术分析肿瘤患者免疫功能变化

Flow cytometric evaluation of changes of immune function in neoplastic patients

目的 探讨恶性肿瘤患者免疫功能变化及其与肿瘤的发生部位和发展阶段的关系。方法 应用直接免疫荧光标记流式细胞术（ Ｆ Ｃ Ｍ）分析正常成人、非霍奇金淋巴瘤（ Ｎ Ｈ Ｌ）、乳腺癌和肺癌患者外周血 Ｔ 淋巴细胞亚群、 Ｎ Ｋ 细胞、 Ｃ Ｄ１９ Ｂ淋巴细胞含量变化。结果 恶性肿瘤患者 Ｃ Ｄ４ 含量、 Ｃ Ｄ４／ Ｃ Ｄ８ 比值明显低于正常对照组（ Ｐ＜ ０．００５）， Ｃ Ｄ８ 含量明显高于正常对照组（ Ｐ＜ ０．００５）， Ｎ Ｋ 细胞含量无统计学差异。在各种恶性肿瘤中， Ｎ Ｈ Ｌ患者 Ｃ Ｄ１９ 含量显著降低（ Ｐ＜ ０．０００５），同时伴有 Ｃ Ｄ４、 Ｃ Ｄ４／ Ｃ Ｄ８ 显著降低（ Ｐ＜ ０．０００５）和 Ｃ Ｄ８ 显著升高（ Ｐ＜ ０．０００５），乳腺癌患者各种淋巴细胞及其亚群与正常对照组相比均无统计学差异，肺癌患者 Ｃ Ｄ３、 Ｃ Ｄ４、 Ｃ Ｄ４／ Ｃ Ｄ８ 均显著降低（ Ｐ＜ ０．０００５）， Ｎ Ｋ 细胞含量升高，肺癌发生转移组比未发生转移组 Ｃ Ｄ４／ Ｃ Ｄ８ 比值显著降低（ Ｐ＜ ０．００５）。结论 肿瘤的不同发生部位、不同发展阶段与免疫功能状态密切相关，流式细胞术可作为检测免疫功能的方法之一。

Objective To investigate immune function in relation to location and stage of the disease in neoplastic patients.Methods Using flow cytometry and monoclonal antibodies to evaluate T lymphocyte subsets,NK cells,CD19 B cells of peripheral blood in normal and patients with non Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL),breast cancer and lung cancer.Results The CD4 T cells and helper/suppressor radio (CD4/CD8) were significantly lower and CD8 T cells was significantly higher in neoplastic patients than in normal controls ( P <0.005).The CD19 B cells and CD4 T cells significantly decreased,while those of CD8 T lymphocytes markedly increased with a reduction of CD4/CD8 ratio in NHL patients ( P <0.0005).There were no evidently changes of various lymphocyte subsets in breast cancer.Significant decreases of CD3,CD4,CD4/CD8 ( P <0.0005) and increases of NK cells were observed in lung cancer.CD4/CD8 ratio was significantly lower in patients with metastatic lung cancer than in those without metastases ( P <0.005).Conclusions Neoplastic patient's immune function was related to location and stage of the disease.Flow cytometry is an efficient method for detecting immune function.\;