汉语重叠的认知基础及影响认知模式选择的因素

On cognitive basis of Chinese reduplication and factors influncing on choice of cognitive patterns

概念领域的重叠源于对类同物复现的认知,而类同形式元素在线性语言序列上的复现(即语言表达形式的重叠)对应于类同概念元素在一定认知构型中的复现,因此,对类同物复现的认知是语言表达形式重叠的认知基础。对类同物复现的不同视点(或认知模式)能够解释语言表达形式重叠的不同现象。这有别于以往用一种语言现象来解释另一种语言现象,如用动补结构的产生来解释近现汉语动词重叠的产生,而是从人的基本认知方式来解释语言重叠现象。我们认为,动补结构的产生及其类推对近现代汉语动词重叠的产生起了"催化剂"的作用,但不是近现代汉语动词重叠产生的原因,其原因是人们对类同物复现的识解模式的转换。同时,重叠认知模式的选择又要受到词类和词义、重叠格式及句法位置等因素的影响。

Reduplications in conceptual domain origins from cognition of recurrent similar objects.The recurrent formal elements in linear language array corresponds to the recurrent similar concept elements in definite cognitive configuration.The different cognitive patterns of recurrent similar objects can explain different reduplicative phenomena in languages.It is different from the previous method explaining one language phenomenon with other language phenomenon,such as explaining appearance of verbal reduplication with appearance of VR construction.That is to say,we explain language phenomena with human basic cognitive patterns.We believe that appearance and analogy of VR construction catalyze appearance of verbal reduplication in recent and modern Chinese,but it is not the cause.The cause is transition of construal patterns of recurrent similar objects.Then simultaneously,the factors such as parts of speech and the meaning of a word,overlapping form and syntactic position decide the choice of cognitive patterns of reduplication.