高职院校学生体质偏瘦的成因及课外运动干预

A Study on the Causes of Low Body Mass Index among Vocational College Students and the Intervention of Extracurricular Exercise

为了解高职院校体质偏瘦学生的体质现状及成因,论证课外运动干预对体质偏瘦学生体质改善的有效性,以高职院校体质偏瘦学生作为研究对象,运用文献资料、数理统计、问卷调查、体育测量、逻辑分析等方法对高职院校体质偏瘦学生的体质现状、成因进行分析,对体质偏瘦学生群体进行抽样干预研究,得出以下结论:高职院校体质偏瘦学生的比例高于超重、肥胖学生;体质偏瘦学生心肺机能与运动能力整体均低于形态正常学生;体重是高职院校体质偏瘦学生身体形态的决定因素;高职院校学生体质偏瘦的成因不是单一的,但缺乏运动是导致学生体质偏瘦的共性问题;课外运动干预不仅能促进体质偏瘦学生体重增加改变其身体形态,而且对体质偏瘦学生的心肺机能、运动能力的提高也起到了积极有效的作用。从而为促进高职院校体质偏瘦学生形态改变,体质全面提升提供借鉴与参考。

It aims to explore the current situation and causes of low Body Mass Index among vocational college students and examine the effectiveness of extracurricular exercise intervention.The subjects of the study are students with low BMI in four vocational colleges and the research methods of literature review,mathematical statistics,questionnaire,physical measurement and evaluation and logical analysis are adopted.After the current situation and causes of low BMI are investigated,exercise intervention is implemented on the controlled group.The Findings of the study are：there are more students with low BMI than those with high BMI;students with low BMI are poor in cardiopulmonary function and exercise achievements compared with students with normal BMI;weight is the decisive factor of the body shape of students with low BMI;the causes of low BMI are various,among which lack of exercise is the most common one;extracurricular exercise intervention has positive effects on both the increase of weight and enhancement of cardiopulmonary function and exercise achievements of students with low BMI.Suggestions are also put forward to improve the body shape and strengthen the physique of low BMI students.