马戴登入《诗人主客图》清雅派“升堂”之门初探

On Ma Dai's being Classified as ‘Shengtang’ Disciple inThe Chart of Host and Guest Poets

晚唐国运衰颓,环境清冷。马戴在晚唐虽不为时人所重,但却能反映当时感伤悲怆的诗风,亦是一位颇有成就的作家,张为的《诗人主客图》将他列为"升堂"弟子即是很好的证明。从其诗歌创作以及与此派门人的"交往"看,马戴登清雅派"升堂"之门大致有三点理由:第一,山水田园诗作内容简净朴实;第二,五言律诗呈现清幽淡雅的特色;第三,马戴与清雅派弟子姚合、贾岛二人颇有交谊。本文以马戴为研究对象,结合马戴所处时代背景,探讨其登清奇雅正派之"升堂"的各种因素。

With the political recession and economic depression,the country was declining in the late Tang Dynasty.Although Ma Dai was not popular at that time,his writing sentimental and sorrowful style makes him to be regarded as a successful poet and classified as ＇shengtang＇ disciple in The Chart of Host and Guest Poets written by Zhang Wei.This paper reveals three main reasons for it from the perspectives of his poetry creation and interaction among other disciples： 1） the content of his pastoral poems is simple and plain;2） his five-character poems are refreshing and delicate;and 3） Ma Dai had the intimate friendship with Yao He and Jia Dao who were also the disciples in the Elegant Faction.