椎动脉三角内的应用解剖

Applied Anatomy of the Vertebral Artery in Trigone of Vertebral Artery

目的:为颈部手术提供椎动脉的解剖学资料。方法:随机选取成人尸体标本64例,解剖椎动脉三角区,暴露两侧椎动脉第1段,观察椎动脉起始部及进入颈椎横突孔的部位,测量其管径及第1段长度。结果:见2例左椎动脉和1例右椎动脉起始部位变异,7侧椎动脉进入第7颈椎横突孔,1侧进入第4颈椎横突孔;左、右侧椎动脉管径分别为(4.6±1.1)mm和(4.3±1.0)mm,第1段长度分别为(41.9±8.7)mm和(34.3±6.6)mm。结论:椎动脉起始部及进入横突孔的部位存在一些变异,临床颈部手术时应予以注意,避免损伤。

Objective:To provide anatomical data of the vertebral artery for operation in cervical part. Methods:We selected 64 adult cadavers randomly, dissected the trigone of vertebral artery and disclosed the first segment of vertebral artery. The origin of vertebral artery and the place where vertebral artery entered the transverse foramen of cervical vertebra were observed, the diameter and the length of the first segment of vertebral artery were measured. Results:The origin of left vertebral artery was abnormal in two specimens; the origin of right vertebral artery was abnormal in one specimen. There were seven sides of vertebral artery entering the seventh transverse foramen of cervical vertebra, one side of vertebral artery entering the fourth transverse foramen of cervical vertebra. The diameters of left and right vertebral artery were (4.6±1.1)mm and (4.3±1.0)mm, respectively. The length of the first segment of left and right vertebral artery were (41.9±8.7)mm and (34.3±6.6)mm. Conclusion:There are some variations existing at the origin of vertebral artery and the place of vertebral artery entering the transverse foramen, which should be noticed to avoid being injured in cervical part during the operation.