通心络治疗对大鼠脑梗死灶周突触和星形胶质细胞的影响

Effects of Treatment with Tongxinluo on Rats' Acute Cerebral Infarction and Astrocyte

目的探讨通心络治疗对大鼠脑梗死周边区星形胶质细胞(AS)、突触和运动功能的影响及相关性。方法将120只右侧大脑中动脉闭塞脑梗死大鼠随机分为通心络组、抑制组、盐水组和对照组,通心络组予通心络灌胃,抑制组予通心络灌胃及阿糖胞苷脑室注入,盐水组予通心络灌胃及生理盐水脑室注入,对照组予生理盐水灌胃,在第5、10、15天以横木行走试验评定运动功能,应用电镜和免疫组织化学方法观察4组大鼠脑梗死周边区AS、突触、胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)和突触素等的变化。结果通心络组大鼠第10、15天的运动功能得分分别为(3.2±0.3)和(5.8±0.9)分,脑梗死周边区AS分别为(5.7±0.3)个/8 000倍视野、(8.4±0.9)个/8 000倍视野,突触数目分别为(11.9±1.1)个/8 000倍视野、(15.9±1.3)个/8 000倍视野。右侧大脑中动脉闭塞第5天,各组间横木行走评分、AS、突触数目、GFAP、突触素的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);通心络组、盐水组和对照组横木行走评分、AS、突触数目、GFAP、突触素第10天高于第5天,第15天高于第10天,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05,或P<0.01)。闭塞第10天和第15天,对照组和抑制组横木行走评分、AS、突触数目、GFAP、突触素低于同时期通心络组和盐水组,抑制组AS、突触数目、GFAP、突触素低于同时期对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05,或P<0.01)。结论用通心络治疗可使脑梗死大鼠AS增殖,加强突触重建和功能修复,促进运动功能恢复,AS增殖可能在其中发挥关键性作用。

Objective To investigate the relation between astrocytes and synapses around the infarction area（area A） and the roles of the astrocytes on the recovery of motor skill in the experimental rats with cerebral infarction after treatment by Tongxinluo.Method 120 rats were randomly divided into the groups of Tongxinluo,inhibition,saline and control.The motor skill was examined via beam walking test.The changes were observed about astrocytes,synapses,the glial fibrillary acidic protein（GFAP） and synaptophysin in area A on day 5,day 10 and day 15 after the model was made using electron microscope and immunohistochemistry.Results The motor skill scores on day 10 and day 15 were（3.2±0.3） and（5.8±0.9） respectively;AS around the infarction area were（5.7±0.3）/8 000 times vision and（8.4±0.9）/8 000 times vision;synaptic numbers were（11.9±1.1）/8 000 times vision,（15.9±1.3）/8 000 times vision.On day 5 of the occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery,differences in crossbar walk score,AS,synaptic number,GFAP and synaptic element were statistically insignificant（P〈0.05）.Scores of Tongxinluo,saline and control groups on day 10 were higher than those on day 5 and day 15 higher than day 10 in crossbar walk score,AS and synaptic number,GFAP,synaptic element.The differences were statistically significant（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）.On day 10 and day 15 of the occlusion,the scores of control group and inhibition group were higher than those of Tongxinluo group and saline group in crossbar walk score,AS,synaptic number,GFAP and synaptic element;scores of inhibition group were lower than control group.The differences were statistically significant（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）.Conclusion Tongxinluo can induce the increase of astrocyte and synapse in number,motor skill recovery,and function in the rats with cerebral infarction,on which the astrocyte may play an crucial role.