乌鲁木齐市酸雨现状、成因及防治对策研究

Urumqi acid rain present situation, origin and preventing and controlling countermeasure research

根据乌鲁木齐基本气象观测站1992—2007年大气降水pH值观测数据以及同期气象和环境资料，分析了乌鲁木齐市大气降水pH值和酸雨频率的年际和月际动态变化特徵，结果表明：近16年乌鲁木齐市大气降水的年均pH值为5．88，酸雨频率为5．7％。目前虽属非酸雨区，但大气降水有逐年酸化的趋势，尤其冬半年（10-3月）采暖季酸化趋势更为明显。基于酸雨现状，从气象因子和污染物浓度因子等对酸雨的成因进行了分析，认为乌鲁木齐市酸雨的来源主要是SO，和NO2，SO2是诱发酸雨形成的主要因素之一。NO2也正在起着推波助澜的作用。在此基础上提出了防治酸雨的主要措施是控制SO2和NO2的人为排放．尤其要控制污染源。

Based on the data of precipitation pH value observed by Urumqi Meteorological station and the same period of meteorological observation data as well as environmental data during 1992-2007, year border and month border dynamic change characteristic of precipitation pH value and frequency of acid rain are analyzed. The results show that the average annual precipitation pH value was 5.88 and acid rain frequency was 5.7% over the past 16 years in Urumqi, at present it is the non-acid rain area, but the precipitation has the tendency which acidifies year by year, especially the winter half year （October-March） picks the warm season acidification tendency to be more obvious, Based on the acid rain present situation, the acid rain origin have been carried on the analysis from the meteorological factor and the pollutant density factor and so on, Thought the origin in the Urumqi acid rain is mainly SO2 and NO2, SO2 induces one of important attributes which the acid rain forms, NO2 is also adding fuel to the flames function. Proposed in this foundation, the main measures of the preventing and controlling acid rain are to control the artificial emissions of SO2 and NO2, especially must control the source of pollution.