某市海关放射工作人员健康状况的调查

Investigation on the Health Status of Radiation Workers in Customs of A City

目的调查某市海关放射工作人员健康状况,为其职业健康监护管理工作提供参考。方法按照卫生部《放射工作人员职业健康管理办法》,对随机抽取的184名海关放射工作人员(接触组)健康检查数据进行统计分析,同时抽取102名无放射接触的体检资料作为对照组。结果接触组和对照组的血象指标值均在正常范围内,2组之间的血象指标与异常检出率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。接触组微核细胞率(0.32‰)、微核细胞异常检出率(5.43%)均高于对照组的微核细胞率(0.19‰)和微核细胞异常检出率(1.96%),且2组的微核细胞率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。接触组眼底异常检出率与晶状体的异常检出率分别为9.78%和11.95%,与对照组之间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论某市海关放射工作人员微核细胞率及微核细胞异常检出率较高,应加强对放射工作人员的个人防护,预防辐射损伤。

[Objective]To investigate the health status of radiation workers in customs of a city,and provide reference for management of occupational health surveillance for them.[Methods]Based on the ＂Occupational Health Regulations for Radiation Worker＂ developed by Ministry of Health,184 radiation workers in customs were randomly selected for statistical analysis of health examination data.Another 102 workers without radiation exposure were selected as control group.[Results]In exposed group and control group,the values of haematological index were all in the normal range.There were no significant differences on the haematological index and abnormal percentages of examined values between 2 groups（P0.05）.The micronucleus rate and abnormal rate of micronucleus cells of exposed group（0.32‰,5.43%） were higher than those of the control group（0.19‰,1.96%）;the difference of micronucleus rate was significant between the 2 groups（P0.01）.The abnormal rates of fundus and lentis were 9.78% and 11.95% in exposed group,indicating no significant differences compared with control group.[Conclusion]The micronucleus rate and abnormal rate of micronucleus cells of radiation workers in customs of a city are relatively high.It is necessary to strengthen the individual protection of radiation workers against radiation damage.