上海等四城市城区和郊区新生儿乙型肝炎疫苗免疫效果调查

An Investigation on Hepatitis B Vaccination of Newborns in four Provincial Capital Cities and Suburbs

为了解乙型肝炎（乙肝）疫苗的免疫后效果，于1997年9～12月在上海、成都、兰州、肝春4个城市，采用整群随机抽样法抽取城区和郊区3～4岁儿童1271人调查，结果表明：1993～1994年新生儿乙肝疫苗接种丰城区为92.14％，明显高于郊区的76.97％。HBsAg阳性率降至2.28％，抗-HBS阳性率平均为71.28％．城区儿童未发现HBsAg阳性者，郊区儿童HBSAg阳性率为3.36％说明郊区是HBSAg阳性者的主要来源．此结果表明，我国乙肝疫苗免疫效果显著，但在郊区乙肝疫苗免疫工作有待加强。

In order to investigate the effectiveness of the hepatitis B vaccination pro-grarnmes in different regions in China, a randomized sampling survey was carried out.A total of 1 271 children, aged 3 - 4 years old, were selected in 4 cities (Shanghai, Chengdu,Lanzhou and Changchun) during Sep. to Dec. 1997. The HB vaccine coverage rate in thecities (92.14%) was significantly higher than that in related suburbs (76.97%). The HBsAgcarrier rate decreased from 10% to 2.28% and anti - HBs positive rate was 71,28% in average.None of the HBsAg positive children was found in the cities, but in suburbs the carrier rate ofHBsAg was 3.36% among the children. Most unvaccinated children distributed in suburbsand they were the main source for HBsAg positive children. The effectiveness of hepatitis Bvaccine though was obvious, hut the vaccination prograhane should be strengthened in suburbs.