河北尚义县四台蒙古营语言使用、语言态度调查

An Investigation about Language Use and Attitude in Sitai Mongolian Ying in Shangyi County of Hebei Province

尚义县四台蒙古营是蒙古族为主的自然村,多数蒙古族最先学会蒙古语;村民均会尚义话①,半数以上的人会普通话,近七成的人会蒙古语。尚义话是当地主要交际语,在家庭内部和本民族之间,使用蒙古语的以中老年蒙古族为主,青少年和部分中年人主要使用尚义话。村民对普通话的社会地位评价最高,对蒙古语文社会地位的评价低于汉语文,对尚义话的实用功能评价最高。因语言环境、语言态度的变化,蒙古族的蒙古语程度出现明显的代际差异,蒙古语的使用逐渐衰微。

Sitai Mongolian Ying in Shangyi County is a naturally formed village with Mongolians as its main residents.Most Mongolians learn the Mongolian language first and all villagers know Shangyi dialect;more than half of the people can speak mandarin and 70% of them can speak the Mongolian language.Shangyi dialect is the main communicative language and those who speak Mongolian at home and among Mongolians themselves are mainly middle-aged or old people while adolescents and part of the middle-aged people use Shangyi dialect.Villagers think highly of mandarin,and their evaluation of Mongolian is lower than that of mandarin,and they have the highest evaluation for the practical function of Shangyi dialect.Due to the changes of language environment and attitudes,the Mongolian level of the Mongolian people shows clear generation differences,and the use of Mongolian is gradually declining.