宁夏回族自治区出生缺陷危险因素分析

Analysis on the risk factors of birth defects in Ningxia

目的：探讨宁夏回族自治区出生缺陷发生的危险因素,为政府制定出生缺陷干预措施和对策提供依据。方法：设计统一的调查表,由经过培训的调查员对宁夏回族自治区的5个行政市22个市县（区）在2007年1月1日~12月31日出生的所有婴儿进行入户调查,资料进行单因素和多因素非条件Logistic回归分析。结果：出生缺陷发生率为128.72万/;多因素分析结果显示,孕早期发烧（OR=1.116）、孕早期服用抗生素（OR=1.559）、孕妇异常生育史（OR=1.281）、近亲结婚（OR=17.328）、早产（OR=1.147）、汉族（OR=1.471）、常住地为农村（OR=1.311）是出生缺陷的危险因素。结论：宁夏回族自治区出生缺陷干预应从加强婚前健康教育、避免近亲结婚、提倡婚前检查、做好孕早期防护和加强产前检查等方面入手。

Objective：To explore the risk factors of birth defects in Ningxia,provide a basis for government to make intervention measures and strategies for birth defects.Methods：A unified survey form was designed,the trained investigators investigate all the infants born in 5 cities,22 counties of Ningxia from January 1 to December 31 in 2007 by household survey,the data were analyzed by univariate and multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis.Results：The incidence of birth defects was 128.7 per 10 000 infants;multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of birth defects included fever during early pregnancy（OR=1.116）,taking antibiotics during early pregnancy（OR=1.559）,abnormal reproductive history of pregnant women（OR=1.281）,intermarriage（OR=17.328）,premature delivery（OR=1.147）,Han nationality（OR=1.471） and permanent residence in rural areas（OR=1.311）.Conclusion：The intervention measures of birth defects in Ningxia include enhancing premarital health care,avoiding intermarriage,advocating premarital check,doing good protection during early pregnancy and strengthening prenatal examination.