间充质干细胞治疗移植物抗宿主病的免疫机制研究进展

Research Progress on Immunologic Mechanisms of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Treatment of Graft-Versus-Host Disease——Review

间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells,MSC)是具有多向分化潜能的非造血干细胞。MSC具有低免疫原性及免疫调节能力,其中MSC的免疫调节性显得尤为重要,主要表现为:MSC能抑制T、B淋巴细胞、NK细胞、树突状细胞(DC)的活化和增殖;同时,MSC具有重建人类造血微环境的功能、提高造血干细胞移植的成功率。移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)是造血干细胞移植后相关死亡的主要原因。基于以上性质,MSC正应用于治疗自身免疫性疾病和GVHD。因此,深入研究MSC治疗GVHD的细胞免疫机制就显得尤为重要。本文将重点对MSC治疗GVHD的免疫机制相关方面的研究进展和临床研究状况进行阐述。

Mesenchymal stem cells（MSC） are the non-hematopoietic stem cells with a multi-differentiation potentials,which has a low immunogenicity and immune regulation ability.MSC immune regulatior ability is particularly important,such as MSC can inhibit the activation and proliferation of T,B lymphocytes,NK cells and dendritic cells（DC）.Meanwhile,MSC is able to reconstruct the human hematopoietic microenvironment,improving the successful rate of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.Graft versus host disease（GVHD） is the main factor causing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation-related mortality.Based on the above mentioned properties,MSCs are used to treat autoimmune diseases and GVHD,recently.Therefore,deep exploration of the cellular immune mechanisms of MSC to treat GVHD is particularly important.This review focuses on progress of research related to treatment of GVHD by MSC immune mechanisms and briefly summarizes the status of the clinical studies.