8448例一般人群的中医体质类型与健康状况关系的分层分析

Stratified analysis of the relationship between traditional Chinese medicine constitutional types and health status in the general population based on data of 8448 cases

目的:以性别或年龄为分层因素,探讨一般人群的中医体质类型与健康状况的关系。方法:从中国9省市(江苏、安徽、甘肃、青海、福建、北京、吉林、江西、河南)横断面中医体质和健康状况调查21948例数据库中,随机抽取性别和年龄结构与2005年中国15岁以上人口比例基本一致的8448例组成本研究样本。采用Nemenyi检验,研究不同性别或年龄人群的9种基本中医体质类型(平和质之外的气虚质、阳虚质、阴虚质、痰湿质、湿热质、血瘀质、气郁质、特禀质8种体质类型均为偏颇体质)与健康相关生命质量量表简明健康状况调查问卷(Medical Outcomes Study36-ItemShort-Form Health Survey,MOS SF-36)得分的关系。结果:不同性别或年龄人群的8种偏颇体质MOS SF-36得分显著低于平和质(P<0.05)。以性别为分层因素,男性气虚质(生理领域以及生理机能、生理职能、一般健康状况和精力4个维度)、气郁质(心理领域以及社会功能、情感职能和精神健康3个维度)、血瘀质(躯体疼痛维度)MOS SF-36得分最低,女性痰湿质(生理领域以及生理机能、生理职能、躯体疼痛、一般健康状况和社会功能5个维度)、气郁质(心理领域以及情感职能和精神健康2个维度)、气虚质(精力维度)MOS SF-36得分最低。以年龄分层,15～34岁年龄组特禀质(生理领域以及生理机能、生理职能和一般健康状况3个维度)、气郁质(心理领域以及精力、社会功能、情感职能和精神健康4个维度)、血瘀质(躯体疼痛维度)MOS SF-36得分最低,35～59岁年龄组气虚质(生理领域以及生理机能、生理职能和一般健康状况3个维度)、气郁质(心理领域以及精力、社会功能、情感职能和精神健康4个维度)、血瘀质(躯体疼痛维度)MOS SF-36得分最低,60岁以上年龄组气虚质(生理领域以及生理机能、生理职能和一般健康状况3个维度)、气郁质(心理领域以及精力、社会功能、情感职能和精神健康4个维度)、痰湿质(躯体疼痛维度)MOS SF-36得分最低。结论:不同性别或年龄人群的8种偏颇体质与平和质比较,MOS SF-36得分均显著降低,健康状况较差;不同中医体质类型的健康状况因性别或年龄呈现出不同的特点。

Objective：To examine the relationship between traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） constitutional types and health status among groups of different age or gender in the general population of China.Methods：Data of 8 448 cases were randomly sampled from a database of 21 948 cases of a cross-sectional survey on the TCM constitutional types and health status which was carried out in 9 provinces or municipalities of China（Jiangsu,Anhui,Gansu,Qinghai,Fujian,Beijing,Jilin,Jiangxi and Henan） according to gender and age structure of the Chinese population in 2005.Scores of health-related quality of life scale — the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey（MOS SF-36） — were analyzed by Nemenyi test to compare the health status of individuals with different constitutional types.Results：Compared with the gentleness type,the MOS SF-36 scores of the 8 types of pathological constitution were significantly low（P0.05） among groups of different age or gender.The MOS SF-36 score was the lowest in men of the qi-deficiency,qi-depression and blood-stasis types,while it was the lowest in women of the phlegm-dampness,qi-depression and qi-deficiency types.For the age group of 15 to 34,the special diathesis,qi-depression and blood-stasis types had the lowest MOS SF-36 scores;for the age group of 35 to 59,the qi-deficiency,qi-depression and blood-stasis types had the lowest MOS SF-36 scores;for the age group of over 60,the qi-deficiency,qi-depression and phlegm-dampness types had the lowest MOS SF-36 scores.Conclusion：In groups of different gender or age,the MOS SF-36 scores of the 8 types of pathological constitution were significantly lower than that of the gentleness type,indicating a deficient health status.The health status of different types of constitution showed different characteristics in groups of different gender or age.