HIV Nef的结构特点及生物学作用

Structural Characteristics and Biological Effects of HIV Negative Factor

负调控因子(negative factor,Nef)是人免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)附属蛋白之一,相对分子质量小,柔韧性大,核心结构呈球形。Nef不具酶活性,具有衔接蛋白的作用,可下调CD4、主要组织相容性复合体Ⅰ(major histocompatibilitycomplexⅠ,MHCⅠ)、主要组织相容性复合体Ⅱ(major histocompatibility complexⅡ,MHCⅡ)和CD28分子,在对抗宿主免疫应答过程中发挥重要作用。Nef可增强病毒的复制和感染性,抑制HIV感染细胞的凋亡,在HIV致病机制方面也发挥关键作用。

Negative factor（Nef） is one of the human immunodeficiency virus（HIV） accessory proteins with small molecular weight,large flexibility and spherical core.HIV Nef is an adaptor protein with no enzymatic activities.The protein has a central function in fighting against host immune response by down-regulating CD4,MHC Ⅰ,MHC Ⅱ and CD28.The protein can enhance HIV replication and infectivity,and inhibit apoptosis of HIV-infected cells.The Nef protein plays a critical role in HIV pathogenesis.