炭/炭复合材料致密化工艺研究现状

Research situation of densification technologies for carbon/carbon composites

综述了炭/炭复合材料制备过程中所采用致密化工艺的研究现状,详细分析了液相浸渍和化学气相渗积(CVI)的工艺原理。液相浸渍工艺需要进行多次反复浸渍,较为繁杂;等温CVI工艺简单、产品性能稳定,但制备周期长、效率较低。在此基础上发展了强制流动热梯度CVI、感应加热梯度快速致密化技术、等离子体增强CVI、直热式化学气相渗积法(HCVI)等工艺,本文同时对这些工艺的原理及优缺点进行了阐述。

The current situation of densification technology using in the process of preparing carbon/carbon composites was reviewed.Theories of the liquid phase impregnation and chemical vapor infiltration were also analyzed in detail.Because impregnation should be repeated several times in the process,liquid phase impregnation technology is very intricate.Although isothermal chemical vapor infiltration technology possesses some advantages,such as the simple process and reliable product performance,the fabrication period is so long.On the base of CVI,some rapid fabrication techniques are developed,such as forced flow thermal gradient CVI,inductively heated thermal gradient CVI,plasma enhanced CVI and electrified perform heating CVI.Principles,virtues and weak points of these technologies are also evaluated in this review.