基于地理要素的资源与环境数据的组织方法

Data Logic Study for the Resources and Environment Information System Design in a Feature based Approach

建立资源与环境信息的分类体系及其在分类基础上的编码，是建立空间型资源与环境信息系统中用以标识资源与环境信息的主要方法，但是研究表明，建立在对资源与环境信息本身分类的基础上编码只适合于专题信息系统的建立。综合性资源与环境信息系统是一种综合性信息服务系统，其设计必须从数据的可共享性出发，采用基于地理要素的方法。本文在介绍了国外有关基于地理要素方法的基本概念后，结合资源与环境信息系统的设计，对地理要素概念进行了进一步的完善，并提出了地理要素相等的概念。在分析了资源与环境分类学方法的利弊之后，提出了利用基于地理要素方法描述资源与环境信息的描述框架。

The category theory is a dominant methodology in the designs of the resources and environment information systems (REIS) and information coding. This approach, however, proves to meet only thematic REIS designs. A new method must be used in the designs of the comprehensive REIS to get a stable performance and more easy sharable system. The paper proposes a feature based approach to be an improvement of the category method in the designs of an integrated REIS. The feature based GIS model is a semantics model from the point of abstractive levels. It has a higher abstractive level than some spatial data models such as the vector or raster GIS data models. The concept of geographic feature, the key concept in the feature based model, has the following characteristics: (1) It is applicable directly but application-independent. (2) Application schemas can be formed by the integration of a standard feature schema and some different descriptive data. In allusion to the shortcomings of the category approach in the REIS designs: term instabilities, meaning instabilities and classification position instabilities, the paper argues that the integration of standard feature schema and descriptive data can be utilized to form different resources and environment application schemas. That is GA :=GF∪TXT Where GA represents an environment or resources application schema, G