公路桥梁地震易损性和震后恢复过程

The seismic vulnerability and restoration process of road bridges after an earthquake

采用专家调查的方式， 统计分析了我国各种主要公路桥梁在不同烈度的地震发生后可能遭受的结构破坏和功能损失， 以及地震发生后所需要的恢复时间。通过分析， 给出了大、中、小３ 种规模的斜拉、悬索、板梁式和拱式桥梁的结构破坏概率矩阵、设施损失率、功能损失率分布、损失功能恢复所需要的时间和桥梁在遭受破坏期间所损失的工作日数， 并将研究结果与唐山地震之后的实际调查结果进行了对比。

For road bridges, the structural damage matrix, the possible communication losses, the restoration process and lost workdays after an earthquake in China are studied by Delphi method. According to bridge scale, the bridges are divided into three types: large and super large , middle and small, and according to structure type, the bridges are divided into four types: oblique - pulling bridge, suspension bridge,arch bridge and beam bridge. Totally eight types of road bridges are investigated on the above aspects. Meanwhile , the results are compared with the field investigation results after the 1976 Tangshan M 7 8 earthquake. The comparison shows that after the Tanshan earthquake in 1976, the anti - seismic ability of Chinese road bridges has been improved.