贵州生存环境恶劣的喀斯特地区移民意愿与扶贫思考——以紫云麻山地区为例

EMIGRATION THINKING AND POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN KARST AREAS WITH HARD LIVING CONDITIONS IN GUIZHOU----With a Special Reference to the Mashan Area of Ziyun County

通过对紫云县麻山地区移民意愿的典型调查研究提出：生存条件恶劣的喀斯特少数民族移民区要从根本上达到脱贫致富奔小康的持续发展目标，必须树立正确的人生观，综合考虑协调人与环境的“共生”关系；立足开发式扶贫，健全“造血”功能；实施适合民族心态、符合生态要求、经济效益较为明显的扶贫项目作为区域经济新的增长点和脱贫“曙光”；建立结构合理、功能齐全的生态经济系统，促进农村经济的有序发展和动态平衡。

With a very fragile karst eco environment, Guizhou province is poor in economy and backward in social and is characterized by a great extent and high degree of rural poverty. In these areas, there are about 200000 people without basic living conditions, and needing to emigrate for basic poverty alleviation. Based on a case study of the emigration consciousness in the Mashan region of Ziyun county, this paper suggests that, for the aim of the sustainable development based on porverty alleivation and becoming rich in the karst areas inhabited by the minority nationalities, it is necessary to have correct human land viewpoint for the coexistence between human and karst environment, to make up local people's healthy “blood making” function based on the development based poverty alleviation, to carry out suitable econimic projects for both the ideas of the minority nationalities and eco environment as a new development field of the regional economy, and to set up an eco economical system with rational structure and complete funtions to promote the rural economic development.