中国南方红壤演化的矿物学特征

THE MINERALOGICAL CHARACTERS OF RED EARTH IN SOUTHERN CHINA

中国南方大面积的红壤是由母岩风化、淋溶、未经搬运残余形成的，其中尤以花岗岩、玄武岩上风化残存最为典型。通过对砖红壤、赤红壤、红壤的矿物学特性的分析，明显看出它们之间是通过一系列过渡而联系起来的，风化强度依次降低。发育于玄武岩的红壤较发育于花岗岩的红壤富铝化程度更高，质地更粘重，原生矿物较少。从母岩风化的角度来看，基性母岩比酸性母岩更易于风化。

There are wide area red earths in southern China. They have been generated from original rocks by weathering and located in their primary places, and those weathered from granites and basalts are most representative . Through the analysis of the mineralogical characters of laterite, crimson soil, krasnozem, people can easily know all those earths are transitional, and the intensity of their weathering declines in order. The enrichment of aluminum in soils developed from granite is much maturer than that from basalt, the quality is adhesiver, and the primary minerals are less, too. From the point of original rocks' weathering, it is concluded that basic rocks are more easily weathered than acid rocks.