不同年龄组妇女HPV感染流行病学研究

Epidemiologic study on cervical HPV infection among different age women

目的:了解不同年龄组妇女人类乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染状况及子宫颈癌前病变或子宫颈癌发病情况,为子宫颈癌防治提供依据。方法:整群抽样调查深圳市福田区教育系统女性职工,并进行HPV感染检测及子宫颈癌与癌前病变流行病学调查,评价不同年龄组妇女HPV感染及子宫颈癌前病变或子宫颈癌检出情况。结果:纳入研究的健康妇女2 052例,HPV阳性率12.03%,C INⅠ以上病变检出率1.71%;HPV阳性率高峰年龄在<30岁及40～44岁年龄组,阳性率分别为13.40%和14.70%;35～44岁年龄组C INⅠ以上病变检出率2.28%,显著高于其他年龄组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:30岁以下年轻妇女高危型HPV阳性多为一过性感染,不推荐HPV检测作为年龄<30岁妇女的子宫颈癌前病变或子宫颈癌的筛查方案,子宫颈防治的重点人群应是35岁以上的妇女。

Objective：To investigate the distribution of human papillomavirus（HPV） infection and the cervical cancer or its precursor（cervical intraepithelial neoplsia,CIN） in different age women,providing evidence for the prevention of cervical cancer.Methods：By cluster sampling,the women who employed at the education system in Futian district of Shenzhen were selected to detect the HPV infection state and cervical cancer or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia（CIN） to evaluate the incidence of HPV infection and cervical cancer or CIN at different age.Results：Of the 2 052 cases,247 were tested HPV positive（12.03%）,35 were found CIN I or greater lesion with histology.HPV infection had two peak prevalence at the age between 40 to 44（14.7%） and younger than 30（13.40%）.The incidence（2.28%） of CIN I or greater lesion in the group aged between 35 to 44 were obviously higher than others and had significant difference.Conclusion：It is transient for the women aged below 30 years old to have high risk HPV infection.We don＇t recommend HPV test in women aged below 30 years old as a screening program for cervical cancer and its precursor.The prevention of cervical cancer should emphasize on women aged beyond 35 years old.