农民工子女中学生自我意识与个性特征的比较研究

Comparative study of self-concept and personality in middle school students between the migrant workers and local children

目的 比较农民工子女中学生与本地中学生自我意识与个性特征的差异.方法 采用Piers-Harris儿童自我意识量表（PHCSS）与艾森克个性问卷（EPQ）测定在津农民工子女中学生（n=206）和天津本地中学生（n=166）的自我意识与个性特征.结果 1.对自我意识的评定：除行为、智力与学校情况和躯体外貌分量表外,农民工子女中学生焦虑[（9.1±2.6）分]、合群[（7.8±2.0）分]、幸福与满足[（7.5±1.8）分]3个分量表及总分[（55.7±10.1）分]均低于本地中学生,差异有显著性（P＜0.01）.女生比较结果与总体比较结果一致;从男生比较来看,农民工子女中学生焦虑[（9.4±2.4）分]、幸福与满足[（7.5±1.9）分]2个分量表及总分[（55.8±9.9）分]低于本地中学生（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）,而合群及其他分量表比较差异无显著性.2.个性特征方面,从总体和男、女生分别比较来看,除掩饰维度外,其余3个维度两组比较差异均有显著性或极显著性（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）.结论 农民工子女的自我意识水平明显低于本地学生,个性多偏内向、神经质和精神质,建议根据其心理特点和性格特征进行干预.

Objective To investigate the differences of self-concept and personality in middle school students between the migrant workers and local children. Methods Self-concept was assessed by Piers-Harris Children＇s Self-concept Scale （PHCSS） and personality was assessed by Eysenck personality questionnaire （EPQ ） in the middle school students between the migrant workers （ n = 206） and local children （ n= 166）. Results 1. There was no significant difference between two groups in behavior,intellect and school state and physical appearance subscale of PHCSS. The total scores （55. 7 ± 10.1） and other subscale of PHCSS of the migrant workers group were significant lower than those of the local group （P〈0.01）. The total scores （55. 8 ±9. 9） and anxiety （9.4 ± 2.4） and happiness satisfaction （7.5 ±1.9） subscale of PHCSS in the male middle school students of the migrant workers group was significant lower than those of the local group（P〈0.05 or P〈 0.01）. The total scores （54.8±10.2）,anxiety（9.0±2.2）,gregarious （8.2 ±2.0） ,happiness satisfaction （7.4 ±2.0） subscale of PHCSS in the female middle school students of the migrant workers group were significant lower than those of the local group（P 〈 0. 01） 2. Except Lie （ L） score of EPQ, other three scores were significantly different between two groups. Conclusion self-concept of middle school students of the migrant workers studying in Tianjin is significantly lower than that of the local. Personality in middle school students of the migrant workers is more diffident, neuropathic and more psychotics than that of local.