某煤矿洗煤厂职业卫生现状调查

Survey of Occupational Health in A Coal Preparation Plant

目的了解宁夏煤业集团企业生产环境的职业卫生状况和职业人群的健康状况,确定职业卫生工作防治重点。方法依据国家职业卫生标准及规范,2010年对宁煤集团两家洗煤厂工作场所中有毒有害因素的浓度或强度进行检测,对接触有毒有害因素的在岗工人进行职业性健康检查,并对结果进行分析。结果两厂粉尘和噪声的检测样品合格率较低,分别为71.6%和59.0%。职业性健康检查中以听力损害最严重,异常检出率为37.9%;其次是心电图和肺功能损害,分别为19.6%和12.3%。结论洗煤厂主要的职业危害是噪声和粉尘,洗煤业在粉尘和噪声防治方面应加强监管力度,积极引入先进的生产技术和工艺,改善作业环境。提高职业人群个人防护意识。

[Objective]To understand the hygienic status of production environment and health status of occupational populations,and determine the key control point of occupational health.[Methods]Based on the national occupational health standards and norms,concentration or intensity of toxic and harmful factors were tested in 2 coal preparation plants of Ningmei Group.The occupational health examination was performed on workers with exposure of toxic and harmful factors,the results were analyzed.[Results]The qualified rates of testing samples of dust（71.6%） and noise（59.0%） were relatively low.Occupational examination showed hearing loss was most severe,the abnormal detection rate was 37.9%,followed by ECG（19.6%） and pulmonary function damage（12.3%）.[Conclusion]The main occupational hazards are noise and dust in coal preparation plant,they should strengthen supervision on dust and noise control,active introduction of advanced production technologies and processes,improvement of the working environment and raise of personal protection awareness among occupational groups.