烟台市牟平区农村生活饮用水卫生学调查及改善对策

Hygienic Investigation and Improving Countermeasures of Rural Drinking Water in Muping District of Yantai City

目的了解烟台市牟平区农村生活饮用水的卫生状况,为今后农村改水提供依据。方法对城区外所有已安装集中式供水的村庄未梢水,按GB 5750-2006生活饮用水标准检验方法,对感官性状和一般化学指标、毒理指标、微生物指标的19个项目进行检测。结果 420份水样中合格率为41.67%。水样中菌落总数不合格率为24.05%,总大肠菌群不合格率为37.38%,氟化物不合格率为3.33%,硝酸盐不合格率为13.57%,总硬度不合格率为0.71%,肉眼可见物不合格率0.95%,锌不合格率0.48%,锰不合格率0.24%,铁不合格率为0.48%。结论烟台市牟平区农村集中式供水的水源污染严重,水源保护差,缺乏有效的消毒措施,须强化供水村管理,扩大饮水安全宣传,预防性卫生监督到位以改善目前状况。

[Objective]To know the sanitary condition of rural drinking water in Muping district of Yantai city,provide the basis for rural drinking water improvement in the future.[Methods]According to the Standard examination methods for drinking water（GB 5750-2006）,the tap water from all villages which was already equipped with centralized water supply system was tested for 19 items of organoleptic parameters,general chemical indexes,toxicological indexes and microbial indexes.[Results]The qualified rate of 420 drinking water samples was 41.67%.The unqualified rate of total bacteria counts,total coliform group,fluoride,nitrate,total hardness,visible substance,zinc,manganese and iron was 24.05 %,37.38%,3.33%,13.57%,0.71 %,0.95%,0.48%,0.24 % and 0.48%,respectively.[Conclusion]The resource of rural centralized water supply system in Muping district of Yantai city has been seriously polluted,the protection of water resource is poor,and there is a lack of effective disinfection measures.In order to improve the present situation,it is necessary to strengthen the management of rural water supply system,enlarge the publicity of drinking water safety and implement the preventative hygienic supervision.