中国农村贫困地区儿童保健管理模式初步探索

Exploration of the child health management model in poor rural areas in China

目的:探索适合当地农村地区并有推广价值的儿童保健管理模式,为卫生部出台相应政策提供依据。方法:选取湖南省醴陵市、汨罗市、常宁市和湖北省夷陵区、武穴市、老河口市作为试点项目县,通过快速评估的现状调查方法确定项目工作重点,通过发放培训教材、举办短期培训、以会代训和长期进修相结合的方式提高儿童保健工作人员的服务能力,通过制定儿童保健的相关制度和计划提供政策保障,通过宣传儿童保健、对家长进行健康教育提高儿童保健的可及性,多种方式结合共同建立儿童保健服务体系,提高儿童保健水平。结果:目前各试点地区均建立了比较健全的儿童保健服务体系,儿童保健的服务能力、管理能力、可及性都得到了显著提高,妇幼保健的三级网络逐步健全,儿童保健的可持续性发展模式初现成效。结论:在我国农村地区开展儿童保健工作是切实可行的。

Objective： To explore an adaptive and propagable model of child health management, and to provide basis for policymaking of the ministry of health. Methods： Liling, Miluo and Changning in Hunan province, Yiling, Wuxue and Laohekou in Hubei province were chosen as implementation sites. The key of project activities were set by quick evaluation. The ability of staff was improved by delivering materials, short - term training, meetings and further studies. The support policy was developed by establishing related systems and plans. The accessibility of child health care was improved by advertisement and health education. The child health care system was estab- lished by multiple ways and the level of child health was improved. Results： The relatively perfect service system for child health care was established in implementation sites, the ability of child health care and its accessibility were improved significantly, the three - level network of women and children＇s health was improved gradually and a sustainable development model of rural child health care emerged. Conclusion： It is feasible to develop child health care in rural areas in China.