坡面非均匀沙输移机理实验方法

EXPERIMENT STUDY ON TRANSPORT THEORY OF NON_UNIFORM SEDIMENT IN THE SLOPE

在分析坡面泥沙输移现象的基础上，以室内沙堆模型实验量化其输沙特征，得出其在空间上具有自相似分形的动力学过程，从理论上应用水动力学弥散特性进一步证实，结果符合较好。

The slope soil erosion and its transport is a complex problem, because the velocity of runoff, sediment diameter and its distribution and other factors also affect the soil erosion and transport processes. Some researchers pointed out that this phenomenon could be divided into two processes, one is soil particle dispersion, the other is sediment transport of runoff. Based on the analysis of the phenomenon of sediment transport in the slope, the characteristics of sediment transport was summerized by means of experimental model. During the experiment of sediment transport, we finished five groups of sedimental models in different sedimental distribution, the experimental result of each group was analyzed and discussed, according to the analysis of experimental result in the table 2,3,4, we believed that the characteristics of sediment transport in the slope was self_similar fractal dynamic process in the space, which was verifed in the theory by advection_dispersion of water dynamics, because the result of the linear analysis shows that the average fractal dimension of sediment transport is 1.65, the value is almost the same as the fractal dimension of advection_dispersion(1.627). According to the research result, the quantity of sediment transport of non_uniform sediment piles shows fractal characteristic from the statistical significance, which is the external appearance of non_uniform sediment piles. Furthermore, the degree of longitudinal advection_dispersion can explain the statistical characteristic of sediment transport rate, which will give a new method to study the characteristic of non_uniform sediment. That is to say, we can obtain signals of the sediment transport rate through the research result, which is important for hydraulic engineering projects involving sediment in practice.