澳大利亚肿瘤预防控制概况

An Overview of Cancer Prevention and Control in Australia

文章从癌症疾病负担、危险因素暴露、主要癌症的预防、治疗和预后,以及当地癌症防控社团等多个角度对澳大利亚肿瘤预防与控制概况予以描述。通过将该国癌症疾病负担以及癌症危险因素暴露的改变及其癌症相关干预的联合比较,分析其癌症预防的成功经验,为我国的肿瘤防控工作提供借鉴。这些成功经验包括:将国家立法与项目运作相结合的全方位控烟策略,政府对主要癌症一、二级预防的大量投入,非政府组织发挥的重要角色,以及将肿瘤登记纳入法定系统的成熟运行等。

The review provided cancer prevention and control in Australia,including the burden of cancer,the population exposures to main risk factors,the available organized primary,secondary and tertiary preventions to the most common cancers,and the local organizations that participate in cancer prevention and control.By comparing the introduction of cancer prevention and control programs and the changes of cancer incidence,mortality and related risk factors over time,we gave a synthesis of Australia＇s successful experiences which could potentially be considered and adopted in China.The major successful models from Australia included：using a comprehensive tobacco control strategy involving duty increase and legislative reforms and funding for continuing campaigns,vast support and investment to primary and secondary prevention strategies,important contribution from local non-governmental organizations,and the well-developed cancer registration system within a legislative frame.