数字高程模型在流域水系拓扑结构计算中的应用

Application of Digital Elevation Model to Topological Evaluation of Drainage System

简要回顾了利用数字高程模型自动提取流域水系的方法，着重介绍了Ｍａｒｔｚ和Ｇａｒｂｒｅｃｈｔ开发的数字高程流域水系模型（ＤＥＤＮＭ）的基本原理、模型结构、计算流程，包括数字高程模型中凹陷区域的识别和消除、平坦部位水流流向设定、流域分水线勾划、河网生成、河网与子流域编码及河网结构拓扑关系的建立，并将其应用于淮河史灌河流域——全球能量与水分循环亚洲季风试验强化观测区。结果表明该模型能够很好地自动生成流域水系，从而为分布式水文模型的开发研制提供了坚实的基础。

A brief review was made on automated extraction of drainage network from grid digital elevation model.The digital elevation drainage network model(DEDNM) was mainly introduced,including principal framework,model structure,and computing procedure. And the DEDNM was applied to the Shiguanhe catchment with the 5 930km 2 of area, the intensified observation field for thd HUBEX/GAME.The result shown that the drainage system generated by the DEDNM is acceptable as compared with that on 1∶100000 topography map, providing a solid foundation for further development of distributed hydrological model.