“男子气”如何影响美国文化中西班牙裔的性别角色

How machoism influence the hispanic gender roles in American culture

本文旨在将以往针对美国西班牙裔人群性别角色和观点的研究进行比较分析,尤其是这些西班牙裔男性的性观念和"男子气"这一原型对他们的影响。本文将西班牙裔移民作为一个种族来研究,并尽量涵盖了复杂种族所具有的种族谱内的所有内容。他们在美国所遇到的经济转型、文化适应、女权运动以及其他变化和机遇正在改变这一人群的性别角色和性别期待。根据美国人口普查的结果(2002),西班牙裔美国人已经成为美国最大的少数民族。因此,只有充分理解了这一人群的生活方式和意识形态的内容,包括他们的政治思想和身心方面的认识,才能够为他们提供心理咨询和性咨询。如果治疗师能够理解"男子气"这一原型是如何潜在影响其男性角色的形成,并使其性别角色能够适应家庭和社会的需要,那么对该原型的认识将有助于治疗师理解来访者的性别角色。一种利用了该种群社会长处的治疗措施和方法也在文中有所讨论。

The purpose of this paper is to perform a comparative analysis of previous research on gender roles and views of the Hispanic populations that have migrated into the United States, specifically the views that Hispanic males have fostered in relation to sexuality and the archetype termed machismo in the said groups. Tiffs paper strives to encompass Hispanics as an ethnic group and include the spectaurn of vast racial groups contained therein. Current changes in economic shifts, acculturation, feminist movement progression and other opportunities afforded in the United States are changing the clinkate of gender rules and expectations in this population. According to the United States Census Bureau （20（0）, the Hispanic American population is the largest ethnic minority group in the United States. Thus, the way of life and ideological views from the political spectrum to the physiological and inter - relational peispectives of this group will be important to understand in order to provide adequate mental health and sexuality counseling to this population. If the therapist can understand the backdrop of the machismo construct in existence on how men＇ s gender roles fit in relation to family and society ; then an advantageous perspective in understanding such roles can serve as a buttress to therapy rather than a hindrance.