双J输尿管支架管生物相容性及新型可生物降解输尿管支架的研制

Biocompatibility of double J ureteral stents and development of new biodegradable ureteral stents

目的:文章总结近年国内相关文献,了解输尿管支架材料的临床研究和实验研究进展。方法:由第一作者检索2001-01/2010-12万方数据库(http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn),检索词为"输尿管支架,疗效,并发症,生物降解"。共收集到135篇关于输尿管支架管临床应用及实验研究方面的文献,排除发表时间较早、重复及类似研究,纳入20篇符合标准的文献。结果:在泌尿外科的实践中,输尿管支架管是常用的器械,可以用于尿石症、尿路重建、泌尿系创伤等。它的主要作用是扩张梗阻或狭窄的输尿管将尿液内引流入膀胱,减少肾或输尿管瘘的同时,促进输尿管吻合口的愈合。输尿管支架材料为非生物降解性材料,带管期间患者会出现膀胱刺激症状或发生支架管移位、膀胱输尿管尿液返流和支架管表面结石等并发症。高分子降解性输尿管支架材料体内外生物降解性质的研究处于基础研究阶段。结论:输尿管内支架在泌尿外科中作用显著,但是必需了解及注意预防内支架可能发生的并发症,以便取得更好的疗效。目前各国学者正努力研制更为适宜的输尿管支架材料。

OBJECTIVE：To investigate the clinical research and progress in experimental research of ureteral scaffold materials according to the summarization of related literatures in recent years.METHODS：Taking ＂ureteral scaffold,curative effect,complication,biodegradation＂ in Chinese as search terms,Wanfang database（http：//www.wanfangdata.com.cn） was retrieved by the first author.Totally 135 literatures about the clinical research and progress in experimental research of ureteral scaffold materials were selected.Published earlier,duplicate and similar researches were excluded,20 documents were included.RESULTS：In the practice of urology surgery,ureteral stent is commonly used equipment,which can be used to urinary calculus,reconstruction of urinary passage and urinary tract trauma.The main function of ureteral stent is to expand obstruction or narrow ureter,urine is drained into bladder.When kidney or ureter fistula was reduced,the healing of ureteral anastomotic was promoted.Ureteral scaffold material is non-biodegradation material;symptoms of bladder or shifting of stent,complications of vesicoureteral reflux,and stents surface calculi will be occurred in patients during the implantation of stent.The research about biodegradable nature of polymer biodegradability ureteral scaffold materials in vivo and in vitro is still at the stage of basic research.CONCLUSION：Endoprosthesis of ureteral plays an important role in urinary surgery,but it is necessary to learn and pay attention to the prevention of complication of endoprosthesis,in order to obtain better curative effect.At present,scholars from various countries are trying to develop more appropriate ureteral scaffold materials.