诱导性多能干细胞在神经系统疾病中的研究与应用

Research and application of induced pluripotent stem cells in nervous system diseases

背景:诱导性多能干细胞可转化为各种期望的神经细胞,替代神经系统疾病损伤或缺失的神经细胞,发挥相应的功能作用,目前已经取得了可喜的进展。如何提高其诱导效率,保证移植替代的安全性,将其更好的应用到临床已成为研究热点。目的:就近年来诱导性多能干细胞在帕金森病、脊髓损伤、运动神经元病等神经系统疾病中的研究和应用进行综述。方法:应用计算机以"induced pluripotent stem cells,neurological diseases"为检索词,检索PubMed数据库(2006-01/2010-09);应用计算机以"诱导性多能干细胞"为检索词,检索中国生物医学文献数据库(2006-01/2010-09)。结果与结论:共收集149篇关于诱导性多能干细胞在神经系统疾病应用方面的文献,中文17篇,英文132篇,阅读标题和摘要进行初筛,排除研究方向与此文无关、内容重复性研究,共保留25篇文献进行综述。诱导性多能干细胞作为一种潜在的新型治疗手段,可以用作供体细胞和疾病研究载体,在帕金森病、脊髓损伤、运动神经元性肌萎缩等神经系统疾病中有极大地潜在应用价值,基础和临床研究都取得了较大成果,但诱导效率和移植替代安全性依然是阻碍其应用进展的重要障碍。

BACKGROUND：Induced pluripotent stem cells（iPSCs） can differentiate into many kinds of expected neural cells to treat nervous system diseases which lack of neural cells,and play a relevant functional role.Recently,lots of encouraging progresses have been made.How to improve the efficiency and ensure graft substitute security,and be better applied to the clinical research has become a hot spot.OBJECTIVE：To review the recent research and application of iPSCs in Parkinson＇s disease,spinal cord injury,motor neuron disease and other nervous system diseases.METHODS：We searched PubMed database（2006-01/2010-09） using ＂induced pluripotent stem cells,neurological diseases＂ as research words,and searched the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database（2006-01/2010-09） using ＂induced pluripotent stem cells＂ as the Key words. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：A total of 149 articles on induced pluripotent stem cells were collected,including 17 Chinese articles,and 132 English articles.By reading the title and summary,articles that have nothing to do with this article and those with repetitive content were excluded.Finally,a total of 25 articles were reviewed.The iPSCs as a potential new treatment can be used as donor cells and diseases of the carrier,and have greatly potential value in Parkinson＇s disease,spinal cord injury,muscular atrophy motor neurons and other nervous system diseases.Basic and clinical researches have made great achievements,but induction efficiency and transplantation safety are still major obstacles to its application and development.