高强度钢板热冲压材料性能研究及在车身设计中的应用

Material Performance of Hot-forming High Strength Steel and Its Application in Vehicle Body

对热成形零部件的材料性能进行拉伸测试及金相试验研究,板料经过热成形后零部件的屈服强度超过1 000 MPa,抗拉强度达到1 600 MPa。对热成形门内加强梁进行3点弯曲试验并同时进行耐冲击数值模拟,说明热成形零部件具有优异的承载能力及耐碰撞冲击性能,适用于车身耐冲击构件的选材。提出高强度钢板热成形零部件用于车身设计的'功能设计'方法。设计热冲压零部件用于车身设计的三种方案,并进行整车的侧面碰撞数值仿真结果比较,阐明高强度钢板热成形构件对于提高整车耐冲击性能的作用机理:热成形零部件用于车身设计时应进行整体骨架布局,形成驾驶员及乘客的超高强度保护仓;避免简单应用单个高强度热成形零部件,防止冲击时侵入车体。总结热成形零部件用于车身的'功能设计'方法。

The tensile tests and metallurgical microscopy of the hot-forming material and part are investigated.The yield limitation of the part by hot forming is more than 1 000 MPa,and the strength limitation is 1 600 MPa.Three-point bending test and impacting numerical simulation are implemented.The experimental and simulation results show the parts by hot forming have excellent loading capability and impact resistance,and are good alternative materials in application of impact resistance.The new design method,i.e.functional design,is provided,which applies the parts by hot forming to vehicle body design.Three models are design by using hot-forming parts to compare the numerical simulation results in the vehicle side impacts.Based on the comparison,the mechanism of the improved impact resistance of the whole vehicle by using hot-forming parts is analyzed.The parts by hot-forming should be the overall skeleton layout and form the ultra high strength car-protecting cab and passenger living space.The single part by hot-forming should not be simply employed to the vehicle body design in order that it thrusts into the vehicle body when vehicle crashes.Finally the functional design methods of hot-forming parts used in the vehicle body design are summarized.