血液透析联合血液灌流在尿毒症患者中的应用及护理

Application and Nursing in Hemodialysis and Hemoperfusion on Uremia

目的:观察血液透析(HD)联合血液灌流(HP)治疗在尿毒症患者中的临床应用效果,预防和治疗尿毒症患者单纯维持性血液透析的长远期并发症,提高生活质量。方法:20例尿毒症患者在每月规律维持性血液透析治疗过程中,联合HP治疗1次,并给予精心的护理,观察治疗效果。结果:HD联合HP治疗后20例患者皮肤瘙痒症状均有所减轻或缓解,6例顽固性瘙痒症状明显减轻,5例肾性骨痛患者4例症状减轻、1例无明显改变,4例难治性高血压患者血压均得到控制,10例重度营养不良患者营养状况得到改善,3例心包积液患者积液均减轻。结论:要提高HD+HP治疗水平,护士应不断学习新知识,新理论,善于总结经验,各种护理操作,护理程序要趋于针对性及规范化,这是减少HD+HP治疗时不良反应及护理问题发生的重要环节。

Objective：By observing the clinical application effect of hemodialysis （HD） and hemoperfusion （HP） on uremia, The author prevented and treated the patients with long - range complications of uremia who were only dependant on Maintenance Hemodialysis and their qualities of life were improved. Methods： In the process of regular Maintenance Hemodialysis, twenty uremia patients undewent hemoperfnsion once and carefully nnrsed, the effects were then observed. Results： After HD and HP treatment, the twenty patients＇cutaneous pruritus eased off. Six patients＇ obstinate cutaneous pruritus obviously alleviated. The symptoms of four patients with hone pain got mitigated and one had unobvious change. Four patients＇high blood pressure got controlled. The nutritional status of ten patients with dystrophy got improved. The pericardial effusion of three patients got mitigated. Conclusion ： To improve the level of HD and ttP treatment, nurses should learn new knowledge, theory and summarize experience; and all kinds of operations and processes should tend to be standardized, which is the most important link of reducing side effects in the HD and tiP treatment.