红沿河核电站正常运行前毗邻地区围生期出生缺陷基线情况分析学教研室

Birth defects in perinatal infants in areas contiguous to Hongyanhe Nuclear Power Plant before itsnormal operation

目的了解红沿河核电站正常运行前毗邻地区围生期出生缺陷情况，为核电站运行后评价核电站对围生期出生缺陷的影响提供科学的背景资料。方法对1995年lO月-2009年9月红沿河核电站50km范围内怀孕28周至产后7d的出生缺陷资料描述性分析。结果1995年10月一2009年9月出生缺陷总人数为697人，产妇为83779人，缺陷平均发生率为83.20／10^4。各年出生缺陷率差异有统计学意义（X^2=39.54，P〈0.05）。各调查区出生缺陷率差异有统计学意义（X^2=15.36，P〈0.05）。1996-2009年发生出生缺陷的前5位疾病依次为先天性心脏病（148例）、唇裂合并腭裂（67例）、先天性脑积水（63例）、脊柱裂（37例）和唇裂（36例）。结论调查地区的出生缺陷率低于辽宁省和全国的围生期出生缺陷率。出生缺陷疾病的构成及顺位同辽宁省和全国的调查结果基本一致。

Objective To understand the status of birth defects among the perinatal infants in the areas contiguous to Hongyanhe nuclear power plant before its normal operation, so as to provide background information for the evaluation of the impact of nuclear power plant on birth defects. Methods From 1 October 1995 to 30 September 2009 the midwifery units at second class and above of Wafangdian City were asked to be in charge of recording the birth defects among the perinatal infants born during this period within the range of 50 km around the Hongyanhe nuclear power plant. Results The total number of birth defects was 697, and the maternal number was 83 779. The average defect rate was 83.20/104. There were significant differences in the birth defect rate among different years （X2 = 39.54 ,P 〈 0.05 ） , however, without linear trend therein, and among the survey areas（X^2 = 15.36 ,P 〈 0.05 ） as well. The top five birth defects were congenital heart disease （148 cases）, cleft lip with cleft palate （67 cases）, congenital hydrocephalus （63 cases） , and spina bifida （37 cases） and cleft lip （36 cases）. Conclusions The birth defect rate within the range of 50 km around the Hongyanhe nuclear power plant is lower than that of the region of Liaonin~ Province and the national rate of birth defects.