上海宝山地区儿童变应性鼻炎患病率调查

Self-reported prevalence of pediatrics allergic rhinitis in Baoshan district

目的调查上海市宝山区7～12岁儿童变应性鼻炎自报患病率并分析其相关危险因素。方法 2010年3～6月,选择宝山区5所小学一～五年级(7～12岁)学生为研究对象,设计"宝山区儿童变应性鼻炎问卷调查表",进行流行病学调查。对结果进行统计学处理。结果发放问卷总数为3046份,回收2464份,应答率80.9%,有效问卷2313份。宝山区7～12岁儿童变应性鼻炎自诉现患率为23.9%(553/2313),其中男26.1%(314/1203),女21.5%(239/1110),有统计学意义(x^2=6.627,P<0.01)。自报患病率随年龄增长而上升。在变应性鼻炎的危险因素中,被动吸烟、家养宠物、居住环境、湿疹史、个人过敏史、家族过敏史可能与变应性鼻炎有一定相关性。结论宝山区7～12岁儿童变应性鼻炎自报现患率为23.9%。初步了解宝山区变应性鼻炎流行病现状,为上海变应性鼻炎防治提供参考。

Objective To investigate the self-reported prevalence of pediatric allergic rhinitis（AR）sufferers and analyze its related risk factors in Baoshan district, Shanghai city. Methods The pupils in Baoshan district of shanghai from 7 to 12 years old from March to June were included in the study. A questionnaire survey on AR was designed for the study. The data were performed statistical analysis. Results Totally 2464 were returned in 3046 questionnaires,the response rate was 80.9 %. 2313 questionnaires were available. The self- reported prevalence of AR was 23.9% （558/2313）, male was 26.1%（314/1203）,female was 21.5 %（239/1110, there were significant difference in them.The self-reported prevalence of AR was increasing as children age. Passive smoking, favor animal, living environment, history of eczema,personal and family allergen history might be related to prevalence of AR. Conclusion The self-reported prevalence of AR in children aged from 7 to 12 in Baoshan is 23.9 %. This survey provides a first-hand data on epidemic features of children with AR in Baoshan district of Shanghai City and it helps the authority to work out strategies on prevention of AR.