兔VX2食管癌模型的建立及生物学特性观察

Establishment of VX2 esophageal carcinoma model in rabbits and its biological characteristics

目的：建立兔VX2食管癌移植瘤模型,探讨其成瘤率、生长特性及转移情况,为进一步研究食管癌及寻找有效治疗方法提供平台。方法：将兔VX2肿瘤剪碎至1 mm3左右的组织块,通过外科手术将肿瘤块植入腹段食管黏膜下层,于接种后第1、2及3周分别行食管造影和CT扫描检查,观察肿瘤生长情况。3周后,处死兔子取标本行病理学检测。结果：12只兔子除2只死于手术并发症外（胃穿孔及误缝食管所致的梗阻）,其余10只接种后1周,未见肿瘤生长;2周后食管造影显示食管下段充盈缺损。CT扫描示食管下段走行区局限性管壁增厚,有明显软组织肿块影,平均最大径为1.04 cm（0.7-1.5 cm）;3周后兔子消瘦明显,食管造影示食管下段黏膜破坏,充盈缺损明显,4只兔子出现食管穿孔。CT扫描示食管下段软组织肿块影明显增大,平均最大径为2.28 cm（1.7-4.3 cm）。瘤体及淋巴结病理检查证实,成瘤及淋巴结转移成功率为100%。结论：采用兔VX2瘤块移植法可成功建立食管癌移植模型,且具有周期短,成瘤率高,生长迅速等特点。

OBJECTIVE： To establish VX2 esophageal carcinoma model in rabbits by implanting tumor fragments and investigate its biological characteristics.METHODS： VX2 tumor tissues were sheared into 1 mm3 fragments.Then the VX2 tumor fragments between the esophageal mucosa and muscularis were implanted through operation.At 1,2 and 3 weeks after implanting the tumor fragments,CT scaning and barium meal study were performed to identify the imaging features of the tumor model.Three weeks later,rabbits were sacrified and tumor specimens were fixed with formalin for pathological examination.RESULTS： Of all 12 rabbits,two rabbits died of surgical complications at the second day after operation,the others operated successfully.The tumor mass was not detected by CT scanning one week after implanting the tumor fragments.Two weeks later,filling defects were observed by the barium meal study and the tumor was detected by CT scanning,with the longest diameter of 1.04 cm（0.7-1.5 cm）.Three weeks later,the body weight of the rabbits decreased significantly.The filling defects were more obvious than that 2 weeks after operation and the tumors increased by an average diameter of 2.28 cm（1.7-4.3 cm）.The success ratio of model establishment and the success ratio of model establishment were both 100%.CONCLUSION： VX2 esophageal carcinoma model in rabbits is estabolished successfully by implanting tumor fragments,time saving and high success rate.